Sunday, October 12, 2008

Arround KOTA

Kota Excursions
Kota, the most vibrant and colorful cities of Rajasthan state is famous for its monumental heritage. While in Kota one can also cover the nearby travel attractions facilitated by the tourism department of Rajasthan. Do make a visit to Badoli village 54 km from Kota, famous for its ancient temples.
Take an excursion trips to Darrah wildlife sanctuary, 56 km from Kota also known as the hunting ground of maharajas and make your day full of adventure and excitement.

Badoli Tempele Town


Distance : 54km from Kota
¤ Main Attractions of Badoli
Temple Shrines Baroli is a village, and the only real things to see here are ancient famous temples that were built between the 9th and 12th centuries. What is remarkable about these temples is that they were left untouched by the Afghan invaders and still stand in marvellous dignity. Situated in a clearing within a forest, the Baroli temples consist of a number of temples in close proximity, the Ghateshwara temple being the principal amidst them. However, the Baroli temples are not very large ones, and if you’re used to seeing massive ones like the temples in Khajuraho, a little disappointment may seep in. These temples were not designed for hordes of worshippers, and their size makes it apparent that their use was restricted mainly to holy men and local believers, with the royalty dropping by once in a while. Built from stone, all temples here have detailed carvings in pillars, ceilings and roofs.

Ghateshwara Temple

The Ghateshwara temple are famous for profusely decorated porch, ceiling and the outside roof with images of Shiva and celestial nymphs in attendance. Shiva runs riot in this temple, and almost all images are of his likeness. That is not all – since Shiva is the Destroyer in holy Hindu trinity of Brahma the Creator and Vishnu the Presever, he slays a couple of demons called andhaka and Chamunda, and the entire battle gets recorded in stone by the builders of this temple. and after a glorious victory Shiva normally gets a bit inebriated and goes dancing, in his celebrated tandav dance. This dance itself forms the basic imagery for carvings outside the temple. Finally, at the very entrance of the temple there’s another dancing Shiva, but this time he’s surrounded by an audience of Brahma, Vishnu and a host of other figures straight out of mythology.

Mahishasuramardini & Trimurti Temples

The famous Mahishasuramardini and Trimurti temples near the Ghateshwara temple were built in the 10 century. The goddess Durga was sent down to terra firma as Mahishasuramardini to slay the demon Mahishasura. Now `mardini’ means slayer and Mahishasura was the demon. So the one who slays the demon ought to be called Mahishasuramardini, and so it goes in Hindu mythology.Anyway – the Mahishasuramardini temple is crowned with a finely carved and curved pagoda. The motifs on this are so intricately etched that they almost appear to be a fine transparent screen. Close at hand is another Shiva temple situated in a tiny pond.

Kansuan Temples

10km from Kota is an ancient Kansuan temple which bears an inscription dating back to 738AD. Enclosed by a wall, the complex consists of a main Shiva temple and a few smaller shrines, all with Shiva lingas (Lord Shiva’s symbolic phallus) within them. However, the trials of time and weather have laid seige to the edifices, and the temples now lie in a state of disrepair.

Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary in Kota


Distance : 56km south of Kota
Darrah, located 56 Km south of Kota, was the favourite hunting terrain of the maharajas of Kota with quite dense forest cover. It was of strategic value in medieval times as the invaders from Rajasthan moved into the Hadoti region and plains of Madhya Pradesh through this town.¤ Darrah - the most Preferred Hunting Ground of the Maharajas Darrah was formerly the favourite hunting terrain of the maharajas of Kota. In those days the region was a massive dense forest heavily populated with big and small game like tigers, deer and rhinos. Today very little of the wildlife remains, and even the forest has decreased to about 100 square miles. However, the sanctuary is worth a visit if you’re in Rajasthan, and chances of spotting a leopard or a sloth bear are pretty high. Antelopes and wolves can be seen at almost any given time, and the best places to see them from are the old hunting lodges of the rulers. These hunting lodges themselves are a sight to see, built specifically by kings for their hunts. The royalty, with their guests and an entourage of servants, would descend on a lodge for a week, staying here and making it the base for their excursions into the forest.¤

Darrah formed A Great Pass

This region was also of immense strategic value during medieval times when battles were fought at the faintest clink of metal. The word darrah means `pass’, and it was through here that invaders from Rajasthan moved into the hills of Hadauti and onwards to the plains of Madhya Pradesh. The darrah pass was the venue for the marauding Marathas during the reign of Umed Singh in Bundi and Zalim Singh in Kota. Even the British found the pass to be the perfect place to engage the Rajputs and the Marathas.

Opening Timings : The sanctuary is open from July through September.


¤ Nearby Attractions
National Chambal Wildlife SanctuaryAnother place to visit is the nearby National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary which extends into Madhya Pradesh. The sanctuary spans an area of almost 550 square km and a number of animals like the gharial, blackbuck, antelopes and the scarcely sighted caracal can be sighted here.SorsanWhile into fauna, you could also make a short trip to the Sorsan grasslands, a sight for sore eyes if you’re coming from the Bikaner-Jaisalmer-Jodhpur route. 45km east of Kota, the grasslands have a rich variety of migratory birds and insects during the monsoons. Close at hand is a canal and a few ponds for ducks to splash around in.

Facilities in KOTA

Facilities in Kota

¤ Transport
Railways
2952 Mumbai Rajdhani Express New Delhi (Dep:-14:40hrs) Mumbai (Arr:- 20:40hrs)
2954 August Kranti Rajdhani Exp. Nizamuddin Rly. Station (Dep:- 16:55hrs) ( Arr:-2150hrs)
2956 Jaipur Mumbai Express Jaipur (Dep:-13:40hrs) Kota (Arr:- 17:10hrs)
9038 Jaipur Indore Express Jaipur (Dep:-16:15hrs) Indore(Arr:- 20:00hrs)
9768 Jaipur Chennai Express Jaipur(Dep:-16:15hrs) Chennai(Arr:- 20:00hrs )
2471 Swaraj Express Mumbai Central(Dep:- 08:20hrs) Kota(Arr:- 21:45hrs)
2903 Golden Temple Mail Mumbai Central(Dep:- 21:30hrs) Kota(Arr:- 11:15hrs )
2925 Paschim Express Mumbai Central(Dep:- 11:35hrs) Kota(Arr:-0215hrs)
2951 Mumbai Rajdhani Express Mumbai Central(Dep:- 16:55hrs) Kota( Arr:-0415hrs)
9091 Mumbai Dehradun Express Mumbai(Dep:- 22:15hrs) Dehradun(Arr:- 19:05hrs)

Roadways
Jaipur to Kota : By bus
Kota to Bundi : Hourly buses. Time taken-45mins,Distance-38 km
Ajmer to Kota
Chittorgarh to Kota
Udaipur to Kota

¤ Accommodations
Hotel Sri Anand:- Opposite Railway Station, Veg Restaurant
Hotel Marudhar:- Between fort & Kishore Sagar
Chaman Hotel:- Station Road,close to bus stand
Brijraj Bhavan Palace:- Civil Lines, Continental & Indian food
Circuit House Palkiya Haveli:- Mokhapara
Sukhdham:- Civil Lines
Chambal(RTDC):- 2 km from the bus stand,near Kishore Sagar
Phul Plaza:- Nayapura,near GPO
Railway Retiring rooms:- Kota Railway Station,Rs 200-400 per day
Umaid Bhawan(Welcome group):- Towards Railway Station Navrang:- Nayapura,

History of KOTA

Kota has a versatile history, but what is constant are the battles fought for its possession. Kota’s early history is shrouded in valour – in fact, its very existence owes to a battle-hardened 14 year old Rajput called Rao Madho Singh, the son of Rao Ratan, the ruler of Bundi.¤
Madho Singh- A Teenage Warrior Proves HimselfBorn in 1565AD,
Madho Singh went to war against Aurangzeb who was hell bent upon taking the throne of Delhi from his father Shah Jahan. A fierce battle was fought near Bundi on behalf of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in which Ratan Singh lost five of his six sons. Madho Singh survived, a glorious hero of the skirmish. This happened in 1579, and Shah Jahan was so fascinated by Madho Singh’s valour that he bestowed the kigdom of Kota upon him. Kota at this time was a united fiefdom ruled by the Bhil tribe, but the emperor’s royal farman (dictat) said otherwise. Kota was handed over to Madho Singh. When Madho Singh breathed his last in 1651 after expanding his kingdom, he left behind five sons who ruled together in smaller sections of Kota. Mukund Singh, the eldest was made the chief of Kota for the time being, and eventually he convinced his brothers that since he was the eldest he should be allowed to rule.¤
The Inevitable Mughal Alliance
Raja Mukund was one of the loyal types, and he never did forget that he owed his kingdom to Shah Jahan. When Aurangzeb really got going to dethrone Shah Jahan, nearly all of Rajputana rallied around the old emperor, with the Hara Chauhanas being the most prominent of them all. Mukund’s brothers too were not far behind, and all of them led their vassals and chiefs into battle clad in saffron. In the encounter near Ujjain in 1658AD against Aurangzeb’s army, the five brothers fell in battle. However, the youngest Kishore Singh was dragged off from the field and recovered, later serving Aurangzeb in the Deccan and becoming famous for his suicidal siege of Bijapur.¤
Kishore Singh Ruled The KingdomWith Kishore Singh out of action,
Mukund’s son Jagat was put on the throne, serving Aurangzeb in the Deccan with his army of 2,000 men. When he died in 1670 he left behind a kingdom without an heir. Kuniram’s (the fourth of Madho Singh’s sons) son was put on the throne for lack of anyone better, and after all he did represent the royal family. But he was supposedly `brainless’ and had no idea of how to rule a kingdom. Six months was all he lasted before he was given the boot by his own council of ministers. Kishore Singh had by now recovered from his wounds which he got while fighting Aurangzeb, and he ascended the throne.But there arose a problem. Aurangzeb had already overthrown Shah Jahan, and something in Kishore Singh reminded him that he had previously been loyal to the Mughals, never mind which one. So he made an alliance with his once enemy and now Emperor and was sent away to the Deccan to fight battles on Aurangzeb’s behalf. On his death in 1686 in the battle for Arcot it is said that 50 battle wounds were counted on Kishore Singh’s body.Kota then passed on to Ram Singh, Kishore’s son who had watched his father die in battle. He too jumped into the war of succession for the Mughal empire and was consequently killed in the Deccan in 1708, one year after Aurangzeb’s death.¤
Bhim Singh-The Warrior KingBhim Singh, the successor,
was ambitious and had eyes on neighbouring Bundi. On Bahadur Shah I’s death and the rise of the Sayyid brothers (of whom Muhammad Shah ascended the Delhi throne in 1719), Bhim Singh struck an alliance with the Sayyids and the king of Amber. Bhim Singh then enlarged his kingdom in three directions – to Bhilwara in the west, Gagron in the south and Baran in the east.Bhim Singh liked to be in the middle of wars. When Khilij Khan (aka Asaf Jah, later the Nizam of Hyderabad) deserted the Delhi court and set out for the Deccan, Raja Jai Singh of Amber led his forces and those of Bhim Singh to stop Khilij Khan. The future Nizam stood his ground and when the Rajputs approached his artillery opened up with a battery of guns. Elephants, men, horses all perished, but for Bhim Singh. He was to die in 1720 in Kota, only after he had reigned for 15 years and left an empire which was to stand fast for many years to come.¤
Bhim Singh was Bestowed The Title of Maha Rao or the Great King.
Bhim Singh was the first Rajput ruler to have the title of punj hazari (leader of 5,000 men) bestowed upon him. He was also the first king of his dynasty who was titled Maha Rao or the Great King. When he died, the eldest of his three sons Arjun Singh became king and married Madho Singh’s sister. Arjun Singh ruled for three years and died without leaving an heir to the throne, which led to a power struggle for the throne of Kota. The second son of Madho Singh, Shyam Singh, was put to death, and it was the youngest of the three who eventually succeeded. Durjan Singh’s accession in 1724 was recognised by Muhammad Shah, the Timur king of Delhi.¤
Marathas & Rajputs
Perhaps the most important phase of Durjan Singh’s rule was the forging of the first alliance of the Rajputs and the Maratha power from south of Rajasthan. It was during his reign that the Marathas under Baji Rao first invaded Rajasthan, not with the intention of annexing Rajput territories but to form an alliance with them. Baji Rao first took Nahargarh fort in 1739, held by a Muslim chief, and presented it to Durjan Singh, making Nahargarh a part of the Kota region. Baji Rao had earlier defeated the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1728 and seven years later in 1735 took Malwa, being accepted as its ruler. Durjan Singh was a military man, and he added territories to the Kota kingdom by taking areas as far as Shivpuri in the east. When the Kachwahas attacked Bundi in 1754, it was left to Umed Singh to defend the region. Three years later in 1757, Durjan Singh breathed his last.Then in 1761 Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded Hindustan for the second time and met the united Maratha power in the third battle of Panipat. As he moved on to Delhi, the Rajputs were left to themselves. Now began the infighting all over again. The ruler of Amber decided it was the right time to march into Kota, and he did. A fierce battle was fought, and it was in this skirmish that Zalim Singh took the Kota army to victory. All of 21 years of age, the brave warrior jumped into the fray first on horseback and then, sword in hand, fought on foot.¤
To Come of AgeIn 1766,
Goman Singh was the one who sat on the Kota throne, but did not rule for long. He fell ill and on his deathbed in 1771 passed on the throne to his ten year old son Umed with Zalim Singh as the virtual ruler. Zalim Singh was quick to seize control even while the titular `king’ ruled officially. of course, there were the odd relatives of Goman Singh who wanted to rule themselves, but Zalim dealt with them diplomatically. Akiram, a foujdar (officer) and the regent of Madho Singh in days of yore, was finished off first. A foster brother of the prince was also killed, presumably by Zalim Singh, and another was exiled. Disappointed with the way Zalim was handling affairs, court nobles decided to desert Kota. Zalim Singh granted them free access to the kingdom, allowing them to go wherever they wanted to. But with the Marathas close on their heels they were never able to forge an alliance to overthrow Zalim Singh.¤
An Era of DiplomacyBy this time Malhar Holkar,
the Maratha chief, had eyes on Kota. Zalim’s diplomacy came into play here. He met the Maratha, bribed him with six lakh rupees and sent him away. The next threat came from Deo Singh who fortified his fort and was joined by all the disgruntled nobles who had been chucked out by Zalim Singh. This was quite a formidable opposition, and excursions were made from this fort into Zalim’s territory. Finally, Zalim laid siege to the fort which held out for a few months only to surrender at last. Deo Singh was forgiven and banished, and he died in exile. The surviving nobles went back to doing what they had been doing – some were admitted back into Kota to and stripped of their nobility, and the rest continued wandering about all over Rajasthan.Numerous attempts were made on Zalim Singh’s life, and he countered them each time with his spies who found out about the plots and warned him well in advance. Then there was this chieftain called Bahadur Singh who made a final try on Zalim’s life. His associates included all the petty chiefs who had been deemed landless by Zalim, and it was planned that the assassination would occur as Zalim proceeded to his court. But that was not to be. Zalim’s spies were well informed and the plot was unravelled in the nick of time. Bahadur Singh fled after losing most of his men and took refuge in a temple, believing that its sanctity would provide him shelter from his tormentor. But Zalim Singh dragged him out of the temple and did what anyone else would have done in such a situation – killed Bahadur Singh.¤
The Visionary
Zalim was a futuristic ruler,and he introduced land reforms and a taxation system by which everyone flourished – the kingdom, the farmers and peasants, the traders and the nobility. However, there was a dark side to the system as well. Zalim Singh spared no one, going to the extent of heavily taxing widows who remarried.Finally, in 1817 when the British under Lord Hastings declared war on the Rajput states, Zalim Singh was the first to accept the foreign dominion, knowing well that fighting the better equipped foreign forces would be suicidal. Kota was the first to be brought under British rule, and the rest of Rajputana soon followed. As a subject of the British empire Kota was required to assist the firangs (foreigners) in every possible way. Towards this Zalim Singh contributed with 1500 armed men, infantry and cavalry with four cannons, marching under Sir John Malcolm.However, discontent was brewing within the Maratha and Rajput camps regarding Zalim’s alliance with the British. The British power behind him was his guiding force and Zalim was tactful – whenever there would be whispers of strife within his camp he would deal with it directly, breaking up unions of nobles with promises and force. All this went on till November 1819 when the Maharao of Bundi Umed Singh died.Zalim rushed back to Bundi from Gagron on hearing of the Maharao’s death. and then began the struggle for the seat of power between the sons of Zalim Singh and Umed Singh. Kishore Singh, the Maharao’s son, was made the ruler, much to the dislike of the other contenders. Pirthi Singh sat on the throne finally, and in 1838 Zalim Singh (who was still around) carved out the new kingdom of Jhalawar for his descendents. Here again Zalim’s diplomacy came into play, for this feat would not have been achieved without the help of a higher power, namely the British. Jhalawar went to Zalim Singh and his sons who served the British till 1857, when the entire country revolted against the British rule.

KOTA

Kota is situated at a center of the southeastern region of Rajasthan a very region widely known as Hadaoli the land of the Hadas. Kota lies along the banks of the Chambal river. the historical places and temples are getting surrounded with signs of modern development. . Kota is on a high sloping tableland forming a part of the Malwa Plateau. The Mokandarra hills run from southeast to northwest axis of the town. It is 36 km from Bundi.The town of Kota was once the part of the erstwhile Rajput kingdom of Bundi. It became a separate princely state in the 17th century. Apart from the several monuments that reflect the erstwhile glory of the town, Kota is also known for its palaces and gardens.Once you drop in Kota, straight away head for the biggest attraction here, the City Palace. The present structure is the result of constructions carried out by different rulers at different stages without any predefined plan. So, one sees bastions and massive ramparts studded with elegant cupolas and carved balustrades where the Mogul elements of decoration are superimposed on Rajput structures. Do check out some beautiful colored glass and frescoes most of which depict Lord Krishna with the gopis.
History
The history of the city dates back to the 12th century A.D. when the Hada Chieftain, Rao Deva, conquered the territory and founded Bundi and Hadoti. Later, in the early 17th century AD during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, the ruler of Bundi -Rao Ratan Singh, gave the smaller principality of Kota to his son, Madho Singh. Since then Kota became a hallmark of the Rajput gallantry and culture. The commanding fort stands overlooking the modern Chambal Valley Project with its many dams- Kota Barrage,Gandhi Sagar,Rana Pratap Sagar and Jawahar Sagar.An old palace,dating back to the time when Kota was under the control of Hada Chieftaincy-Hadoti faces the Kota Barrage. The Durbar Hall is ornate with beautiful mirror work and has ebony and ivory doors. Exquisite miniatures of the Kota school are housed within the Hall. Other noteworthy edifices of the bygone era are the Brij Raj Bhawan Palace,Jag Mandir-and island Palace, a splendid haveli (mandion) with beautiful frescoes and the royal cenotaphs.
This was formerly a palace and is named after the son of the ruler of Bundi who was made the first ruler of Kota State by the Mughal emperor Jehangir. The museum is closed on Fridays and state holidays. It gives a wonderful glimpse of the glory and history of the place with miniature paintings and ancient armory on display. Situated in the old palace, it houses a rich collection of Rajput paintings of the Kota school, exquisite sculptures and other valuable antiques. The museum is the treasure house of artistic items used by the rulers of kota.

Brijraj Bhawan Palace
Brijraj Bhawan, a colonial style palace, situated on the bank of river Chambal, was build in the early nineties. The palace has large spacious rooms that are tastefully done up with antique furniture. An intresting feature of the palace is the fact that almost all the rooms overlook the Chambal river providing an arresting view of the mighty river.

Chambal Garden
You will certainly feel the change in the environment when you step in this beautiful garden. The lush green garden at Amar Niwas makes a lovely picnic spot and while experiencing the ambiance of the place, you can also enjoy a boat ride.
How to Reach
By Air :
Jaipur is the nearest large airport through a local airline has flight to Jaipur from Kota.
By Rail: There are many trains operating from Kota to Delhi, Mumbai and Jaipur.
By Road : Good network of road connections link Kota with many cities inside and outside the state. There are several buses from Kota to Ajmer, Jaipur, Jodhpur and Bikaner.

Introduction

Rajasthan is a biggest state in india thats why in rajasthan lots of historical place is available which is showing us ,teaching us its histoy itself. In rajasthan most of historical place is available in jaipur,jodhpur,kota,udaipur,ajmer,bharatpur,alwar,bundi etc.
here you will found all the details about the historical place of rajasthan................hope it will be helpfull for you....................sunil sharma